Semi-Active WDM System for 5G Fronthaul Transmission

Semi-Active WDM System for 5G Fronthaul Transmission

Features

 

  • It supports comprehensive access to wireless fronthaul and other services, taking into account wireless fronthaul, private line, and home broadband services, and maximizes the value of fronthaul networks;
  • Maximize optical fiber saving, one fiber can carry 9 channels of 4G & 5G fronthaul CPRI/eCPRI services;
  • The local side is active and the remote end is passive, and WDM technology is used to extend the physical channel of pure transparent transmission, without delay and jitter introduction;
  • It supports the monitoring function of the luminous power of each channel, which is easy to maintain and locate faults;
  • It supports 1:1 protection at the optical layer, and the protection switching time is less than 20 ms, improving network reliability;
  • The optical-layer protection function card can be selected according to the application scenario, and supports hot-swap and power-off/power-on-hold functions to ensure that the device does not affect service operation in the event of a power-off;
  • It supports SNMP, Web and other graphical interface network management;
  • Local end equipment active supports AC 220V, DC -48V power supply optional, and 1+1 power input protection;
  • The installation method is flexible, the central office equipment supports rack-mounted installation and wall-mounted installation, and the remote equipment supports rack-mounted, pole-mounted and wall-mounted installation, which is easy to install and plug-and-play;
  • The remote outdoor device meets the requirements of the IP67 standard and supports pole and wall mounting.

 

  • Product Detail

 

Semi-Active WDM System for 5G Fronthaul Transmission

Facilitates Rapid Deployment of 5G by Operators

 

1.1.Product Overview

 

After deploying 5G networks, the density of base stations will be 2 to 4 times that of 4G networks, and fiber constraints will be the main issue faced in 5G fronthaul deployment. To meet the rapid deployment of base stations and effectively save fiber resources in 4G and 5G network deployments, operators have adopted a solution combining WDM multiplexer and colored light modules to achieve low-cost, rapid coverage. However, there are also shortcomings and pain points in practical applications:

 

Passive WDM + colored light module mode has the following issues:

  • Passive WDM lacks management and protection;
  • Lack of management means;
  • Weak ability to detect faults in fiber links;
  • No protection for intermediate transmission fiber cores, requiring external OLP for implementation;
  • Maintenance of optical modules heavily relies on manual intervention;

 

Solutions using active WDM or OTN technologies can solve the difficulties of network management and primary/backup route selection in optical paths, but they also face challenges such as high costs and difficulties in remote power supply.

 

Based on previous technical accumulations and research on active and passive WDM, and continuous in-depth understanding combined with customer pain points regarding fronthaul equipment carrying demands, Guangzhou Rui Dong has introduced a semi-active WDM as a solution for base station fronthaul.

 

The semi-active WDM solution uses active equipment on the local end and passive equipment on the remote end, facilitating deployment and maintenance. Through local equipment, it supports network management, line protection, and fast OTDR fault location functions. The maintenance methods are convenient and flexible, meeting high reliability requirements. This solution significantly alleviates the pressure on fiber resources, while also balancing cost, management, and protection advantages, thereby assisting operators in low-cost, high-bandwidth, and rapid deployment of 5G fronthaul networks.

 

 

This solution is suitable for scenarios with tight fiber resources at extended base stations, simple dual-star or bus-type network configurations (covering scenarios such as highways, high-speed railways, tunnels, bridges, etc.). It features colored light modules located on AAU and DU equipment, using WDM technology for transmission to save fiber resources and support OADM up/down wave functions. It can also utilize dual-route fiber cables for fronthaul service protection, while supporting legacy 4G fronthaul fibers, achieving unified fronthaul for 4G/5G.

 

Diagram of a semi-active WDM scheme

Fig.1 Diagram of a semi-active WDM scheme

 

The networking architecture of semi-active wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) can be divided into star and bus topologies according to specific scenarios.

 

Semi-active WWD-star networking

 

Figure 2 Semi-active WWD-star networking

 

 

Semi-active WDM bus networkingFigure 3 Semi-active WDM bus networking

 

Device view

 

1U4 slot active 

Local End Equipment FW6600A device (1U4 slot active)

Remote Combination and Division Module

Remote Combination and Division Module (Passive)

2U8 slot active Local End Equipment FW6600B  (2U8 slot active)

19-inch rack 

 

 

19-inch rack (remote cabinet mounting)

4U16 slot active 

Local End Equipment FW6600C (4U16 slot active)

Outdoor waterproof and dustproof box 

Outdoor waterproof and dustproof box (remote wall/pole)

 

 

2.1. Local End Equipment

 

2.1.1.FW6600A - 1U Chassis

1U Chassis Front View1U Chassis Front View

1U Chassis Back View1U Chassis Back View

 

FW6600A is designed with a 1U standard 19-inch rack-mounted plug-in card structure, providing 4 business slots, 1 main control card slot, 1 fan slot, and 2 power slots (at the rear). It uses a front panel outlet method, with all optical interfaces and network management interfaces designed on the front;

 

The FW6600A-type 1U chassis has four service slots, and the NMS card occupies one slot, and can be inserted into a maximum of three service cards, which can support convergence in three optical directions

 

Technical Specifications of FW6600A 1U Chassis

 

The name of the metric

metrics

Dimensions:

482(W)×44(H)×320(D)(mm)

Weight (fully loaded)

7.5kg

TypicalPowerConsumption

<30W

Protection Features

Hot-swappable NE management card without affecting existing services when failing

StandardOperating Voltage:

DC

-36 V-72V

AC

90V -260V

 

 

2.1.2 FW6600B - 2U Chassis

2U Chassis Front View

2U Chassis Front View

2U Chassis Back View2U Chassis Back View

 

FW6600B is designed with a 2U standard 19-inch rack-mounted plug-in card structure, providing 8 business slots, 1 main control card slot, 1 fan slot, and 2 power slots (at the rear). It uses a front panel outlet method, with all optical interfaces and network management interfaces designed on the front;

 

The FW6600B-type 2U chassis has 8 service slots, and the NMS card occupies 1 slot, and can be inserted into a maximum of 7 service cards, which can support convergence in 7 optical directions

 

Technical Specifications of FW6600B 2U Chassis

 

The name of the metric

metrics

Dimensions

486(W)×86(H)×352(D)(mm)

Weight (fully loaded)

13.5kg

TypicalPowerConsumption

<50W

Protection Features

Hot-swappable NE management card without affecting existing services when failing

StandardOperating Voltage:

DC

-36 V-72V

AC

90V -260V

 

 

2.1.3 FW6600C -4U chassis

4U chassis front4U chassis front

4U chassis back4U chassis back

 

The FW6600C chassis adopts a 4U standard 19-inch rack-mount and plug-in card structure, and provides 16 service slots, 1 main control board slot, 1 fan slot, and 2 power supply slots in a single chassis. The front panel cable outlet mode is adopted, and all optical interfaces, power supply and network management interfaces are designed on the front;

 

 The FW6600C-type 4U chassis has 16 service slots, and the NMS card occupies 1 slot, and can insert up to 15 service boards, which can support the convergence of 15 optical directions

 

FW6600C  4U Chassis specifications

 

The name of the metric

metrics

Dimensions

483(W)×178(H)×280(D)(mm)

Weight (fully loaded)

15.5kg

TypicalPowerConsumption

<80W

Protection Features

Hot-swappable NE management card without affecting existing services when failing

StandardOperating Voltage:

DC

-36 V -72V

AC

90V -260V

 

 

2.1.4  6 waves of Local End Equipment Mux&DeMux

 

OLPM

 

Functional structure:

 

Semi-Active WDM System

 

6 waves of Local End Equipment Mux&DeMux Functional structure (with optical power monitoring and optical protection)

 

Optical performance indicators

 

parameter

unit

index

Number of channels

 

6

Center wavelength

nm

1271、 1291、 1311、 1331、 1351、 1371

Center wavelength deviation

nm

±1.5

-1dB channel bandwith

nm

>14

Banding flatness

dB

<0.5

Mux&DeMux Channel insertion loss(without Optical Protection)

dB

<1.8

Mux&DeMux Channel insertion loss(with Optical Protection)

dB

<3.5

Mux&DeMux Channel insertion loss uniformity

dB

<1.0

Adjacent channel isolation

dB

>25

Non-adjacent channel isolation

dB

>35

Wavelength Heat stability

nm/℃

<0.002

Insertion loss heat stability

dB/℃

<0.007

Polarization-related losses

dB

<0.2

Return loss

dB

≥45

Working temperature

-40~+85

Storage temperature

-40~+85

Working humidity

 

5%~95% RH, No condensation

The number of slots in the chassis

 

1slot

OTDR monitoring port

 

With OTDR monitoring port (wavelength 1625/1650nm) optional

Optical protection

 

It can provide single-fiber main and standby optical path protection

Optical protection switching time

 

<20ms

Optical power detection range

 

-50 dBm ~+25dBm

Optical interface

 

LC/UPC

 

 

2.1.5  12 waves remote passive WDM Mux&DeMux

 

OLPM

 

Product illustration:

 

12 waves remote passive WDM Mux&DeMux

12 waves remote passive WDM Mux&DeMux(optical protection)

 

Optical performance indicators

 

parameter

unit

index

Number of channels

 

12

Center wavelength

nm

1271、 1291、 1311、 1331、 1351、 1371、1471、 1491、 1511、 1531、 1551、 1571

Center wavelength deviation

nm

±1.5

-1dB channel bandwith

nm

>14

Banding flatness

dB

<0.5

Mux&DeMux Channel insertion loss(without Optical Protection)

dB

<2.2

Mux&DeMux Channel insertion loss(with Optical Protection)

dB

<3.5

Mux&DeMux Channel insertion loss uniformity

dB

<1.2

Adjacent channel isolation

dB

>25

Non-adjacent channel isolation

dB

>35

Wavelength Heat stability

nm/℃

<0.002

Insertion loss heat stability

dB/℃

<0.007

Polarization-related losses

dB

<0.2

Return loss

dB

≥45

Working temperature

-40~+85

Storage temperature

-40~+85

Working humidity

 

5%~95% RH, No condensation

The number of slots in the chassis

 

1slot

OTDR monitoring port

 

With OTDR monitoring port (wavelength 1625/1650nm) optional

Optical protection

 

It can provide single-fiber main and standby optical path protection

Optical protection switching time

 

<20ms

Optical power detection range

 

-50 dBm ~+25dBm

Optical interface

 

LC/UPC

 

 

 

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150GHz C-band Flat top 32-Channel Athermal AWG, DWDM MUX DEMUX LC/UPC 1U RACK     Introduction   The 150GHz 32ch DWDM MUX DEMUX operate in C-band. And it meet the following specification over the operating temperature.   Definition Note:    All specifications should be guaranteed at the worst-case polarization state and over the entire operating environmental condition and end of life. The Insertion Loss of a device is defined as the maximum loss at a defined wavelength, taking into account the worst-case polarization state over the full operating temperature range. The Insertion Loss Uniformity of a device is the difference between the insertion loss of the best-case and worst-case channels. The Polarization Dependent Loss of a device is the maximum insertion loss difference between all polarization states at the defined wavelength. The Reference Passband is defined as a band of wavelengths around each center wavelength. It is used in the definition of crosstalk. The Adjacent Isolation of channel is the maximum insertion loss difference from the mean transmission at the ITU grid wavelength to the highest power over the all polarization and the ITU band of two adjacent channels. The Non-adjacent Isolation of channel is the maximum insertion loss difference from the mean transmission at the ITU grid wavelength to the highest power over the all polarization and the ITU band of the non-adjacent channels. The Total Crosstalk of channel is the total cumulative insertion loss difference from the mean transmission at the ITU grid wavelength to the highest power over the all polarization and the ITU band of all other channels including adjacent and non-adjacent channels. The Wavelength Accuracy is defined as the maximum difference between the defined wavelength and the center of measured 3dB passband.   Product Penal                           150GHz DWDM MUX DEMUX 32CH 1U Rack Technical Parameter   Parameter Specification Units Notes Min Type Max Channel Spacing 150 GHz   Nos of Channel 32 Ch   Channel Frequencies ITU Grid THz   Available Channel Frequency Range 191.2   196.7 THz   Channel Passband -60   +60 GHz   -0.48   +0.48 nm   Center Wavelength Accuracy -0.05   +0.05 nm   -6.25   +6.25 GHz   Insertion Loss     5.5 dB @Center Wavelength     6.0 dB Full Bandwidth Passband Ripple     0.6 nm Full Bandwidth Bandwidth @1.5dB 135     GHz   Bandwidth @3.0dB 160     GHz   Bandwidth @20dB     310 GHz   Insertion Loss Uniformity at ITU     1.50 dB   Polarization Dependent Loss     0.5 dB   Adjacent Channel Isolation 13 15   dB   Non-Adjacent Channel Isolation 30 35   dB   Total Cross Talk 11 13   dB   Directivity 50     dB   Return Loss with connectors 40 45   dB   Chromatic Dispersion -20   +20 ps/nm   PMD     0.5 ps   Optical Power Handling of Common Port     24 dBm     Operating Conditions   Parameter   Min Max Units Temperature   -5 70 ℃ Humidity Non-condensing 0 90 % R.H.   Storage Conditions   Parameter   Min Max Units Temperature   -40 85 ℃ Humidity Non-condensing 0 90 % R.H.   Channel Plan 32Port AWG - On grid   The AWG operate in C-band. The channels are as follows Table 1   Channel ITU Frequency Wavelength Channel ITU Frequency Wavelength No. Channel THz nm No. Channel THz nm 1   191.4000 1566.314 17   193.8000 1546.917 2   191.5500 1565.087 18   193.9500 1545.720 3   191.7000 1563.863 19   194.1000 1544.526 4   191.8500 1562.640 20   194.2500 1543.333 5   192.0000 1561.419 21   194.4000 1542.142 6   192.1500 1560.200 22   194.5500 1540.953 7   192.3000 1558.983 23   194.7000 1539.766 8   192.4500 1557.768 24   194.8500 1538.581 9   192.6000 1556.555 25   195.0000 1537.397 10   192.7500 1555.343 26   195.1500 1536.216 11   192.9000 1554.134 27   195.3000 1535.036 12   193.0500 1552.926 28   195.4500 1533.858 13   193.2000 1551.721 29   195.6000 1532.681 14   193.3500 1550.517 30   195.7500 1531.507 15   193.5000 1549.315 31   195.9000 1530.334 16   193.6500 1548.115 32   196.0500 1529.163   Table 2   Channel ITU Frequency Wavelength Channel ITU Frequency Wavelength No. Channel THz nm No. Channel THz nm 1   191.3625 1566.621 17   193.7625 1547.216 2   191.5125 1565.394 18   193.9125 1546.019 3   191.6625 1564.169 19   194.0625 1544.824 4   191.8125 1562.945 20   194.2125 1543.631 5   191.9625 1561.724 21   194.3625 1542...
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